Professor Bubble's Complete Lab

⚗️ The Lab

🎯 Sort It!

🧠 Quiz

👨‍🔬

Professor Bubble says:

Welcome, scientist! 🎉 Let's find out which substances dissolve in water. Pick one and mix it in! Remember: when something dissolves, it's still there — just invisible!

⚗️ Choose a Substance

🧂Salt

🍬Sugar

🏖Sand

🌾Flour

🌶Pepper

🧁Bicarb

👨‍🔬

Professor Bubble says:

Drag and drop each substance into the right group! Then match each mixture to its separation method. This is a fair test!

🎯 Soluble or Insoluble?

🧂 Salt

🏖 Sand

🍬 Sugar

🔩 Iron filings

🧁 Bicarb

🌶 Pepper

✅ SOLUBLE

Dissolves in water

❌ INSOLUBLE

Does NOT dissolve

🔧 How to Separate?

🏖 Sand + water

🧂 Salt + water

🍚 Rice + lentils

🔩 Iron + sand

🫗 Filtration

Filter paper

☀️ Evaporation

Heat away water

🕳️ Sieving

Different sizes

🧲 Magnet

Magnetic materials

👨‍🔬

Professor Bubble says:

Final challenge! Answer all 6 questions to earn your Science Star!

🏆

0

out of 6

📖 Key Vocabulary

Soluble

Dissolves in a liquid

Solution

Solute dissolved in solvent

Reversible

Can be changed back

Filtration

Separating insoluble solids

Evaporation

Water turns to vapour

Insoluble

Does NOT dissolve

🧙‍♂️

Secret Lab — unlocked!

Six experiments to surprise you! Complete them all to unlock the Advanced Lab!

🌡 Temperature

⚡ Electrolysis

🥄 Stirring

🔬 Crystal Size

🧂 Saturation

🎨 Diffusion

🌡

Experiment 1 — Temperature

Question: Does temperature affect how fast sugar dissolves? Set the dial and find out!

🌡 Temperature Dial

💧

20C

Cool tap water

⚗️ Experiment

Water at 20C

📊 Dissolving Speed vs Temperature

🔥 Hot (90C)

~5 sec

♨ Warm (45C)

~20 sec

💧 Cool (20C)

~90 sec

❄ Iced (-5C)

~5 min

🧠 The Big Idea

Hotter water = faster dissolving. Hot molecules have more energy and collide with solute particles more often.

This is why you stir hot tea and why fizzy drinks go flat faster when warm!

⚡

Experiment 2 — Electrolysis

What happens when we pass electricity through a salt solution? This is electrolysis — it splits the liquid using electric current!

⚡ Electrolysis Lab

Choose solution:

🧠 The Big Idea

Salt water conducts electricity because dissolved salt splits into charged particles called ions which carry the current.

Pure water has almost no ions — so it barely conducts at all.

🥄

Experiment 3 — Stirring Race

Does stirring help? Same water, same sugar, same temperature. Only one is stirred — this is a fair test!

🏁 The Race

Not Stirred

0%

Stirred

0%

🧠 The Big Idea

Stirring makes dissolving 4x faster — it brings fresh water to the crystal surface constantly.

🔬

Experiment 4 — Crystal Size

Same amount of sugar, same water, same temperature. Only the crystal size changes. Which dissolves fastest?

🏁 Crystal Size Race

🟫 Sugar Cube
Big chunks

0%

🍚 Caster
Small grains

0%

🌫 Icing Powder
Tiny powder

0%

🧠 Surface Area!

Smaller crystals have more surface area — more of the solid touches water at once. Icing sugar is 10x faster than a sugar cube!

🧂

Experiment 5 — Saturation

Can you add salt forever? Or does the water get "full up"? Keep adding spoonfuls! A solution that can't dissolve any more is saturated!

🧂 Fill It Up!

Spoonfuls: 0 / 10

🧠 The Big Idea

Every solution has a saturation point. Beyond this, extra solute just sinks to the bottom!

Hot water can hold MORE dissolved solute than cold — that's why more sugar dissolves in hot tea!

🎨

Experiment 6 — Diffusion

Drop food colouring in still water and watch it spread on its own — this is diffusion! Try cold, room-temp, and hot water.

🎨 Diffusion Lab

❄ Cold (5C)

💧 Room (20C)

🔥 Hot (80C)

🧠 The Big Idea

Diffusion is when particles spread from high concentration to low — on their own, no stirring needed!

Hot water diffuses 7x faster because molecules have more energy.

🧬

Advanced Lab — mind-blowing science!

7 incredible experiments + Molecular Viewer! This is university-level stuff. You are going to love it!

💎 Supersaturation

🫧 CO₂ Pressure

🌊 Density Layers

🎨 Chromatography

💎 Crystal Growth

🐟 Fish & O₂

🔬 Micro Mode

🤯

Advanced 1 — Supersaturation

A supersaturated solution holds more dissolved sugar than it should — it is totally unstable! Drop ONE tiny crystal and watch an instant chain reaction!

💎 Supersaturation Chamber

Supersaturated: Holding far more sugar than normal — totally unstable!

🧠 The Big Idea

One crystal gives dissolved molecules something to "land on" — triggering an instant chain reaction throughout the whole solution!

This is how rock candy is made and how hand warmers work!

🫧

Advanced 2 — CO₂ Under Pressure

Why does a fizzy drink explode when shaken? CO₂ is dissolved under high pressure. Drop the pressure and all the gas escapes at once!

🫧 Pressure Controller

🔥

High

80% CO2 — loads of bubbles waiting!

CO2 dissolved: 80%

CO₂ in liquid

80%

Bubble activity

0%

🧠 Henry's Law (1803)

The amount of gas dissolved is proportional to the pressure above the liquid. More pressure = more gas dissolved.

Shaking does not add CO₂ — it creates nucleation points so all bubbles form at once when opened!

🌊

Advanced 3 — Density Rainbow!

Water can float on top of other water! Different amounts of dissolved sugar/salt give different densities. Denser layers sink, lighter ones float!

🌈 Liquid Rainbow Builder

Pour each layer in order:

🧠 The Big Idea

Dissolving lots of sugar makes water denser. Denser liquids always sink below lighter ones!

The Dead Sea is so salty you float automatically — the water is much denser than your body!

🎨

Advanced 4 — Chromatography!

Black ink is actually a mixture of many different dyes! Each dye travels at a different speed through paper. Faster dyes travel further.

🎨 Paper Chromatography

Choose a pen:

🧠 The Big Idea

Different dye molecules have different sizes and "stickiness" to paper — so they travel at different speeds.

Scientists use chromatography to test athletes for drugs and check food colourings!

💎

Advanced 5 — Crystal Geometry!

Dissolved substances crystallise into perfectly geometric shapes! Salt = perfect cubes. Snowflakes = always hexagons. The crystal shape reveals the molecule shape!

💎 Crystal Grower

Choose crystal:

Cooling Speed

🐢

🐢 Slow (best!)⚡ Fast

🧠 The Big Idea

Crystals form because molecules stack in the same repeating 3D pattern — a crystal lattice. Slow cooling = bigger, more perfect crystals.

🐟

Advanced 6 — Fish Need Cold Water!

Fish breathe oxygen dissolved in water. Gases dissolve BETTER in COLD water — the opposite of solids! Watch the fish as you change the temperature.

🌡 River Temperature

🧊

10C

Cold river — fish are happy!

Fish are happy!

📊 Dissolved O₂ vs Temperature

❄ 0C — near freezing

13.9 mg/L

💧 10C — cold stream

11.3 mg/L

🌤 20C — warm river

9.1 mg/L

☀ 30C — hot summer

7.5 mg/L

🔥 35C — heatwave

6.7 mg/L

Fish need at least 5 mg/L to survive.

🧠 The Big Idea

Most solids dissolve better in hot water. But gases dissolve better in cold water! Hot water shakes gas molecules out.

Climate change is a double threat to fish: warmer water = less O₂, AND fish need MORE O₂ when they are warm!

🔬

Advanced 7 — Inside the Molecule!

Zoom into the molecular level and see what is actually happening! Choose a process and watch the molecules move in real time.

🔬 Molecular Viewer

🧠 The Big Idea

Everything in chemistry is just billions of tiny molecules bumping, sticking, and separating.

One teaspoon of salt contains about 1,200,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 ions — more than the stars in the observable universe!

🏆

All Experiments Complete!

You explored dissolving, reversible changes, chromatography, crystal geometry,
electrolysis, diffusion, supersaturation, Henry's Law, density layers,
dissolved gases — and even molecular science!
Professor Bubble is incredibly proud of you, Alba! 🧬✨